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The grading of red cedar lumber is too complex to explain in a minute, so I can only provide a simple summary here.
First, let's imagine we want to process a batch of red cedar logs. Before processing, we need to know:
1. There are three standards for classifying the grade of boards.
A) NLGA
NatioThe standard grading rules for Canadian lumber issued by the nal lumber grades authority;
B) PLIB
The export R-LIST issued by the Pacific Lumber Inspection Agency;
C) Commercial Standards: The factory combines market demands with custom standards, or agrees with customers to customize them.
2. The grading of boards is often based on the intended use of the target product.
In the first stage, after the logs are processed into boards, they can be divided into three main categories:
1. Grades of wood that are free of waste and can be further processed to produce wood that is free of waste.
To elaborate further:
Knot-free timber is called "industrial clear" in NLGA, and is divided into three types: "B&Btr/C-clear/D-clear".
In R-list, it's called "R-list clear", which is divided into...
There are two types: "#2clear/#4clear" and "401clear";
There are many commercial standards, such as "straight grain slice grade" / "85/15 clear", etc.
2. Material-saving – Later products can be used "whole length".
Because many materials are still semi-finished products at this stage, they are temporarily categorized as follows:
• Primum knotty – with no limit on live knots, very few dead knots, and very small knots, also known as appearance knotty or landscape grade. This product is the raw material for producing various products with STK (select tight knotty) potential.
• Performance knotty, also known as No.2 and better structure, has a certain structural strength but allows for missing edges and dead knots in the surface condition, including sel structure /#1 /#2 structure.
3. Material-saving grade – basically requires reprocessing before it can be used.
• Utility level
• Economy level
• Chop grade (can be cut into 50% short knot-free timber)
• Cutstock/trim ends/trim blocks, etc., are grades that can only be used to process very short materials (such as 20-30cm to within 7 feet).
In the second stage, the above-mentioned boards or squares or flitches undergo various reprocessing plants to produce different target products and are then re-graded. For example:
1. Outdoor terrace
In NLGA, there are only two types: "select patio" and "commercial patio".
In practical commercial applications, the segmentless type can be divided into:
“architect clear”/“custom clear”; those with sections can be divided into “architect knotty”/“custom knotty”.
2. Indoor and outdoor wall cladding, including beveled panels.
Quality from best to worst includes:
• Clear VG heart (straight lines, no knots, no white edges)
• Clear heart (no knots, no white borders)
• C and better clear
• Proprietary
• Standard and better
• Rustic (defined by the rough, rough surface of the saw; the rough surface is used with the rough side facing out).
• Select knotty
• Architect knotty
• Various products that have undergone finger jointing and splicing
3. Beams and timbers capable of bearing a certain load.
• D and Better clear (refer to NLGA for details)
• appearance knotty
• No. 2. And a better structure
• Standard (for places where the primary purpose is load-bearing and not for exposed surfaces)
4. Materials that still have some utilization value after undergoing the following processing methods, such as:
• Utility and better (using NLGA Grade 3 lumber as the lower limit for grading)
• Short, knot-free timber, 3-6 feet long
• Shorter trim blocks from 8 inches to 3 feet (blocks can be customized to be 100% knot-free, 80% knot-free, etc.)
• Chop grade -- For timber over 8 feet in length, more than 50% of the timber can be cleared to 8 inches or more.
• Various cutstocks processed from one length of product to the next.
The above is just a brief overview of the grading of red cedar, without a detailed description of each grade.